The Different Parts of a Bed

A bed is a piece of furniture that is designed for sleep. It consists of a soft cushioned mattress that rests either on the floor or on a platform base. It can also include a headboard, footboard, blankets, pillows and sheets. The most important function of a bed is to provide support for the body while sleeping.

Beds come in many styles, sizes and colours. They can range from infant-sized bassinets and cribs to queen and king-size beds for adults. Beds are often matched with other bedroom furniture pieces, such as nightstands, dressers and armoires to create a cohesive look.

A mattress has different parts that work together to perform two main functions: support your spine and provide comfort for different sleeping positions. Each part contributes to one or the other, but it’s important that you understand how each one works before you buy a new mattress.

The surface layer of the mattress is usually made from either cotton, wool or silk and can be found in a variety of textures and thicknesses. It provides a soft feel, improves airflow and is hypoallergenic. It is also an excellent insulator, keeping you warm or cool as needed.

Mattresses need to be ventilated in order to stay dry and prevent mildew, so the foundation is usually a wood slat or grid-top foundation bed base that allows for airflow. A traditional box spring is another option that provides added support and extends the life of the mattress by extending the lifespan of the internal springs.

Memory foam and polyurethane mattresses are popular for their lush feel and ability to conform to the shape of your body. Newer gel memory foam uses a phase-changing material that helps balance your body temperature and reduce heat retention. These layers are also good for spreading the weight of your body over a larger surface area to avoid pressure points and promote spinal alignment.

Back and stomach sleepers require a firmer mattress because their spines naturally form an “S” curve while they are sleeping. A firmer mattress helps maintain this natural arc to avoid creating a painful arc in the lower back and hips.

The core of the mattress is a high-density polyurethane or latex foam that acts as a skeleton to keep the individual comfort layers in place and provide structure for the overall mattress. High-density foams also provide a firmer feel and add longevity to the mattress.

The outer cover of a mattress is usually a washable fabric that protects the internal layers from dust, dirt and stains. It can be a removable zippered cover or a non-removable, elasticized fitted sheet. Some mattresses also have a pillow protector that keeps dust mites and other allergens from entering the mattress. These protective covers can be removed and laundered separately from the mattress for maximum hygiene.